Country Conditions
Asylum, withholding of removal and protection under the Convention Against Torture are decided on a record. Part of that record is evidence about conditions in the country a person fears returning to — who holds power, which institutions carry out abuses, whether anything has actually changed, and whether people who left remain at risk.
This section collects the principal public reporting on those questions, country by country, with direct links to the source documents. Each page points to where the reporting addresses the continuity of risk, and flags what the same sources say on the other side of the question.
Speak with the AttorneyThese pages are a research resource. They are not filing lists, they are not advice about any particular case, and no document listed here has been prepared for or reviewed in connection with any specific matter.
Countries covered
Whether the January 2026 change in government removed the danger from the prior regime. UN Fact-Finding Mission reporting through August 2026, the Inter-American system, U.S. government reporting, and monitoring organizations — with the passages that speak to continuity of risk, and what the same documents say about improvements.
CubaWhether the prisoner releases changed anything material, and what the reporting says about the criminalization of economic protest and the shift toward forced exile.
NicaraguaWhether exile ends the risk. The UN's country mechanism has documented transnational repression, mass denationalization and the stripping of property — a model of control that reaches people who have already left.
ColombiaA different kind of claim. The question is usually not state persecution but whether the state is able or willing to protect against armed groups — and whether relocating within the country would help.
Before using anything in this section
Relevance is specific, not general. Country-conditions evidence matters because of how it connects to one person’s circumstances. A general report about a country is not a substitute for evidence about the individual, and material with no connection to the claim can distract from the evidence that does the work.
Foreign-language documents need a certified translation. Under 8 C.F.R. § 1003.33, any foreign-language document offered in immigration court must be accompanied by an English translation and a signed certification that the translator is competent and that the translation is true and accurate. A number of important sources are published only in their original language.
Procedure may matter more than the evidence. Whether new country-conditions material can be put before a decision-maker at all depends on where a case stands. A pending case, a case on appeal and a case with a final order years old are three different situations with three different sets of rules — and the rules on reopening are strict, carry deadlines and numerical limits, and have changed recently. Strong evidence filed in the wrong posture can waste a limited opportunity.
Request a ConsultationThis section is general legal information and a directory of publicly available sources. It is not legal advice, it is not a recommendation to file any document, and it does not create an attorney-client relationship. Country-conditions evidence is assessed in relation to the particular facts of a particular claim. Organizations linked here are independent of this firm, and linking a source is not an endorsement of any position it takes. Consult a qualified immigration attorney about your situation. This website is attorney advertising.
Notes and Sources
- Translation requirement: 8 C.F.R. § 1003.33 — eCFR.
- EOIR’s own directory of country-conditions material: justice.gov/eoir/country-conditions-research.
- Links on each country page verified at the date shown on that page.